I note Marvell spent up to $5.5 billion (including earn‑outs) buying Celestial AI to become a direct co‑packaged‑optics competitor, targeting $500 million of annualized revenue by fiscal 2028 and $1 billion by fiscal 2029 – management targets, not booked revenue. Broadcom calls the shift “bright, shiny objects” while claiming to lead it and pushes copper links where possible. Credo says its microLED‑based approach will fix reliability pitfalls, then bought a silicon‑photonics maker to join the architecture. Nobody knows the timeline; all three positions are as much hedges as convictions.
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